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While a number of studies examine the nexus between military expenditure and economic growth, little consideration has been give to the effect of military expenditure on external debt. This article examines the impact of military expenditure and income on external debt for a panel of six Middle...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105315
This paper examines the relationship between democracy and economic growth in 30 Sub-Saharan African countries. As our proxy for democracy we first use the democracy index constructed by Freedom House and then check the sensitivity of our findings using, as an alternative proxy for democracy,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105375
The goal of this paper is to undertake a panel data investigation of long-run Granger causality between electricity … consumption and real GDP for seven panels, which together consist of 93 countries. We use a new panel causality test and find that … in the long-run both electricity consumption and real GDP have a bidirectional Granger causality relationship except for …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105383
statistically significant relationships between money demand and its determinants. Our test for panel Granger causality suggests … short-run causality running from all variables, except foreign interest rate, to money demand, and we find evidence that …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105384
This article tests for the existence of any cointegration relationship between trade balance and real effective exchange rate (REER), foreign income and domestic income for New Zealand during the period 1970-2000. It also examines the direction of the casual relationship between the above...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105526