Applying extant IB theory, I argue that initial firm internationalisation is shaped by the interdependence and dynamic … operandi of developing country (DC) infant MNEs with those from advanced economies, highlighting the similarities and … differences. The O assets of DC MNEs are largely determined by home country influences. Advanced economy MNEs have a larger set of …

&D. Third, we do so for European MNEs located in the US, as well as US MNEs located in Europe. Our results indicate that both EU …

This paper asks: what can governments of new member states do to encourage MNEs to invest in R&D? There are two types …, furthermore, we focus on the MNE and the potential for linkages, and do not limit ourselves to FDI and spillovers. MNEs engage in … recommend that new member states focus on attracting and fostering demand-driven R&D activities by MNEs. Furthermore, we …

There has been an impressive spurt in the outward FDI activity of Indian MNEs since the 1990s. However, despite the …