Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Systemic … European Consumer Credit Directive 2008/48/EC. Systemic usury is a market failure. The most powerful explanations for such … failure in consumer credit markets are monopoly power, where the consumer is locked in a bilateral credit relationship …

for which are monopoly power, where the consumer is locked in a bilateral credit relationship; discrimination through risk …Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Although the … to a group which is statistically discriminated against leads to entrapment in a chain of usurious credit and financial …

for which are monopoly power, where the consumer is locked in a bilateral credit relationship; discrimination through risk …Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Although the … to a group which is statistically discriminated against leads to entrapment in a chain of usurious credit and financial …

between both demographic groups. We find that entrepreneurs with a migration background are more likely to be denied credit or … to obtain smaller loan amounts than requested. After controlling for observed risk factors and financial relationships as … explanatory variables, ethnicity plays no role in explaining differences in the probability of credit rationing. These can be …

credit constrained. The quality of financial inclusion is impaired by a low level of financial literacy, which is also … by public savings banks, credit cooperatives, public promotional banks, and guarantee banks using the "housebank" model …, and financial consumer protection and credit reporting regulations and institutions. Programs involving microfinance …

for which are monopoly power, where the consumer is locked in a bilateral credit relationship; discrimination through risk …Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Although the … to a group which is statistically discriminated against leads to entrapment in a chain of usurious credit and financial …