Germany's bank-based financial system provides a high level of financial inclusion, measured by bank outreach and use of financial services. However, the most vulnerable individuals and small enterprises in Germany tend to be excluded or credit constrained. The quality of financial inclusion is...

Die theoretische Literatur erklärt den Mehrwert von Bürgschaftsbanken und anderen staatlich gestützten Bürgschaftseinrichtungen für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) durch deren Wirkung, Finanzierungsengpässe infolge von fehlenden Sicherheiten und hohen Informationsasymmetrien zu...

Staatlich geförderte Bürgschaften zielen darauf ab, die durch fehlende Sicherheiten und eine hohe Informationsasymmetrie verursachte Lücke in der Finanzierung von Kleinunternehmen oder Start-ups zu schließen. Der vorliegende Beitrag quantifiziert den gesamtwirtschaftlichen Netto-Nutzen von...

Guarantee banks backed by the state aim to close the gap in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises or start-ups caused by lacking collateral or equity and high information asymmetry. The present study quantifies the economic and fiscal net benefits of guarantee banks in the new...

Staatliche Bürgschaften und Bürgschaftsbanken sind wichtige Instrumente, um Kreditrationierung aufgrund von Informationsasymmetrien zu reduzieren und somit die Finanzierung kleiner und mittelständischer Unternehmen zu erleichtern. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Wirksamkeit dieser...

The macroprudential regulatory framework of Basel III imposes the same capital and liquidity requirements on all banks around the world to ensure global competitiveness of banks. Using an agent-based model of the financial system, we find that this is not a robust framework to achieve...

Empirical research about structure, conduct and performance in banking markets has developed mostly independently from the microeconomic theory of banking. The present paper reviews the literature by focusing on the links between theoretical and empirical research. It considers basic conditions,...

Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Although the term usury conjures images of a greedy individual consciously acting to exploit the weak bargaining position of another by deceitful and even fraudulent means, we consider it as...

The Global Financial Crisis (GFC: 2008–2009) and the Euro Sovereign Crisis (ESC: 2010–2012) seem a process of creative destruction for the European Union (EU). The huge damage provoked by the GFC and ESC was, in fact, followed by important institutional building steps as the Banking Union...

Usury is a frequent occurrence in consumer credit markets and particularly affects low-income households. Although the term usury conjures images of a greedy individual consciously acting to exploit the weak bargaining position of another by deceitful and even fraudulent means, we consider it as...