Several studies find that there is little sex gap in wages at labor market entry, and that the sex gap in wages emerges … wages at labor market entry, and (ii) the emergence of the sex gap in wages with time in the labor market reflects … differences in human capital investment, and find evidence more consistent with discrimination reducing women's wages at labor …

, high long-term unemployment, stagnant or declining wages for low-to-medium skill jobs owing to adverse labor demand shifts …The depth of the Great Recession, the slow recovery of job creation, the downward trend in labor force participation … recovery from the recession will be insufficient to offset the diminished labor market prospects of many workers. These …

, high long-term unemployment, stagnant or declining wages for low-to-medium skill jobs owing to adverse labor demand shifts …The depth of the Great Recession, the slow recovery of job creation, the downward trend in labor force participation … of recovery from the recession will be insufficient to offset the diminished labor market prospects of many workers …

The absence of a competitive market and the presence and strength of public-sector labor unions make it likely that …