has declined by around 9%, illustrating that being a smaller economy than the EU leaves the UK more exposed to the costs …

has declined by around 9%, illustrating that being a smaller economy than the EU leaves the UK more exposed to the costs …

has declined by around 9%, illustrating that being a smaller economy than the EU leaves the UK more exposed to the costs …

equations, trade is more sensitive to trade costs if the exporting country only provides a small share of the destination … country's imports. As a result, trade costs have a heterogeneous impact across country pairs, with some trade flows predicted … modest or indistinguishable from zero. -- translog ; trade costs ; gravity ; currency union ; monopolistic competition …

trade costs that indirectly infers trade frictions from observable trade data. I show that this trade cost measure is … show that U.S. trade costs with major trading partners declined on average by about 40 percent between 1970 and 2000, with … Mexico and Canada experiencing the biggest reductions. -- trade costs ; gravity ; multilateral resistance ; Ricardian trade …

equations, trade is more sensitive to trade costs if the exporting country only provides a small share of the destination … country's imports. As a result, trade costs have a heterogeneous impact across country pairs, with some trade flows predicted …

trade costs that indirectly infers trade frictions from observable trade data. I show that this trade cost measure is … show that U.S. trade costs with major trading partners declined on average by about 40 percent between 1970 and 2000, with …