their engagement in already existing Indian firms. Most notably, the productivity of the German parents matters only for …

This paper estimates the aggregate productivity effects of Marshallian externalities generated by foreign direct … externalities and other intra- and inter-regional spillovers generated by domestic firms. The productivity effects of these … explicitly as determinants of total factor productivity, and tests several empirical specifications of this model, using data for …

existing Indian firms. Most notably, the productivity of the German parents matters only for ownership shares in new affiliates …

effects of aid. Following the estimation approach of Clemens et al. (2012), we find that aid tends to be less effective when …

conditional probability of growth accelerations. This result holds across different estimation methods. Short-impact aid is found …