In the context of approximately 50% reduction in pesticide treatment according to the agreement of the "Grenelle de l'environnement" in France, the main part of this study involves the assessment of intensification or extensification of pesticide use in crop activities. This is done with...

Policy makers as well as land users in developed countries are willing to promote new agricultural practices that are more environmentally friendly. This can be possible notably among several others by reducing chemical utilization. For instance in France, the agreement of the “Grenelle de...