Is bank- versus market-based financing different in its attitudes towards Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG … bank monitoring and scrutiny. The Social and Governance components, in particular, matter. Furthermore, firms suffering … higher numbers of negative ESG reputation shocks are less likely to continue to rely on bank credit in response to lenders …

Is bank- versus market-based financing different in its attitudes towards Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG … bank monitoring and scrutiny. The Social and Governance components, in particular, matter. Furthermore, firms suffering … higher numbers of negative ESG reputation shocks are less likely to continue to rely on bank credit in response to lenders …

Between 2010 and 2012 and with bank stability as the ultimate target, five European countries implemented a tax levy on … the impact of the tax levy along bank size and capital structure. We find that banks located in countries where the tax …

? Studying various fiscal reforms across Europe with bank- and loan-level data, we find that both the introduction of an equity … subsidy and of a tax on bank liabilities lead banks to refocus their activities on lending. Hence, taxes can be a … complementary tool to capital requirements to reduce bank leverage, while maintaining the supply of credit. More broadly, our …