of bilateral bank competition, construct a novel competition measure at the locality level, and assess how well it … competitor has fewer hierarchical layers. Intense bilateral bank competition increases local credit constraints, especially for … small firms, as competition may impede the formation of lending relationships …

of bilateral bank competition, construct a novel competition measure at the locality level, and assess how well it … competitor has fewer hierarchical layers. Intense bilateral bank competition increases local credit constraints, especially for … small firms, as competition may impede the formation of lending relationships …

The nexus between ownership and competition in the banking sector is a major concern to policymakers around the world …