One of main difficulties of multi-dimensional packing problems is the fragmentation of free space into several unusable … into a continuous usable space, which potentially allows the packing of additional items. We illustrate the effectiveness … of this technique using the two- and three-dimensional bin packing problem, where the aim is to load all given items …

In the three-dimensional strip packing problem (3DSP), we are given a container with an open dimension and a set of …

In this paper, we examine the two-dimensional variable-sized bin packing problem (2DVSBPP), where the task is to pack …-dimensional bin packing problem (2DBPP), our approach can be adapted to the 2DBPP with minimal changes. Computational experiments on …