To increase sales and reduce default risks, a supplier may offer its retailers either: 1) a cash discount; 2) a fixed credit period M if the order quantity is greater than or equal to a predetermined quantity W. Likewise, a retailer in turn offers its customers a credit period N, which has a...

In practice, vendors (or sellers) often offer their buyers a fixed credit period to settle the account. The benefits of trade credit are not only to attract new buyers but also to avoid lasting price competition. On the other hand, the policy of granting a permissible delay adds not only an...

Researchers in the past have established their inventory lot-size models under trade credit financing by assuming that the demand rate is constant. However, from a product life cycle perspective, it is only in the maturity stage that demand is near constant. During the growth stage of a product...