Using international data starting 1957, we construct a sample of cases where fast-growing economies slow down. The evidence suggests that rapidly growing economies slow down significantly, in the sense that the growth rate downshifts by at least 2 percentage points when their per capita incomes...

Using international data starting in 1957, we construct a sample of cases where fast-growing economies slow down. The evidence suggests that rapidly growing economies slow down significantly, in the sense that the growth rate downshifts by at least 2 percentage points, when their per capita...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the ”The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index).” The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the "The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index)." The GCD-Index calculation is based on the Concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic and...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Mexico City, Mexico. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of City integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Bangkok, Thailand. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Jerusalem, Israel. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of City integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Canberra, Australia. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...