This paper presents new estimates of the returns to education in the Russian Federation using data from 1994 to 2018 … education are three times greater for higher education compared with vocational education, and the returns to education for … education is a policy priority and there is a need to investigate the labor market relevance of vocational education. Higher …

This paper presents new estimates of the returns to education in the Russian Federation using data from 1994 to 2018 … education are three times greater for higher education compared with vocational education, and the returns to education for … education is a policy priority and there is a need to investigate the labor market relevance of vocational education. Higher …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Turkey, using the 2017 Household Labor … Force Survey and alternative methodologies. The analysis uses the 1997 education reform of increasing compulsory education … by three years as an instrument. This results in a private rate of return on the order of 16 percent for higher education …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Turkey, using the 2017 Household Labor … Force Survey and alternative methodologies. The analysis uses the 1997 education reform of increasing compulsory education … by three years as an instrument. This results in a private rate of return on the order of 16 percent for higher education …

education closures to estimate the loss in marginal future earnings. The findings show that the school closures reduce future …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Turkey, using the 2017 Household Labor … Force Survey and alternative methodologies. The analysis uses the 1997 education reform of increasing compulsory education … by three years as an instrument. This results in a private rate of return on the order of 16 percent for higher education …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Azerbaijan, using the 2015 Azerbaijan … Monitoring Survey for Social Welfare. The private rate of return to education is 6 percent; this is the first estimate of returns … controlling for selection. In addition, the paper estimates the returns for higher education; for this level, the rate of return …

marginal future earnings on the basis of a four-month shutdown. We also estimated the losses by level of education. The …