Central features of today’s electronic communications markets are complementarities between the different layers of the value chain, substitutability between some applications, network effects in the provision of content and services, two-sided business models that partly involve indirect...

"Policy makers around the world are increasingly worried about developments in some digital markets and in particular digital platforms which use business practices to obtain an advantage vis-à-vis competitors in vertically related activities (e.g., self-preferencing) or which use their...

In many economic sectors - the digital industries being first and foremost - the market power of dominant firms has been steadily increasing and is rarely challenged by competitors. Existing competition laws and regulations have been unable to make markets more contestable. The book argues that...