Launching and stimulating competition in telecommunications markets is an important policy goal. It contains two … elements: to encourage entry and to make competition effective such that consumers benefit. The first one requires that … to what extent such regulatory policy can stimulate competition. Our main finding is that, in the short run, asymmetric …

platforms and platform competition, and elaborates on some routes taken by recent research. …

sellers shape the market structure in platform industries. If product market competition is tough, sellers avoid competitors … markets, several homogeneous platforms segment the market. Instead, if product market competition is soft, agglomeration on a … competition. …