present, LLU seems most promising as a means for entrants to offer broadband internet access. As voice telephony can be … implemented by using the 'internet protocol' when consumers have broadband access, LLU may, in the end, spur competition in … requirements are neutral to competition. This result breaks down under partial consumer participation. Hence, regulation of …

difficult to achieve at the same time. In this paper, we consider price regulation in the retail and wholesale market and answer … access price regulation is an effective instrument to make the entrant and consumers better off. …

entrant. The entrant may roll out its own network or use parts of the incumbent's network. The incumbent is established in the … regulatory policies and discuss entrants' incentives to invest in network depending on regulatory choices …

A unique comparative analysis of competition and regulation in the liberalized telecommunications markets. … -- 2.1 Technology -- 2.1.1 Circuit-switched networks -- 2.1.2 Other networks -- 2.1.3 Network interconnection and access to … -- 2.3.2 Regulation and one-way access -- 2.3.3 Access price regulation: two-way access -- 3 The basic model -- 3 …

difficult to achieve at the same time. In this paper, we consider price regulation in the retail and wholesale market and answer … access price regulation is an effective instrument to make the entrant and consumers better off …

made by content providers and those made by network operators. …