The study serves as a background document for the European Commission and is conducted in close cooperation with the ZEW Mannheim. The main tasks are to define the concept of competitiveness at the micro, meso, and macro levels of economic activity, to establish a set of indicators that is...

This paper investigates the impact of energy policies on the export performance of firms. There has been a long policy debate on potentially negative impacts of cost-increasing energy policies on international competitiveness. We use firm-level data from three countries with similar industry...

The study serves as a background document for the European Commission and is conducted in close cooperation with the ZEW Mannheim. The main tasks are to define the concept of competitiveness at the micro, meso, and macro levels of economic activity, to establish a set of indicators that is...