Despite the fact that all developed economies levy broadly-based indirect taxes alongside direct taxes, little theory is devoted to explaining the direct-indirect tax mix. Our purpose is to show that if different taxes have different evasion characteristics, some optimal tax mix emerges...

This paper analyzes optimal employment and wage policies in the public sector in a model with endogenous involuntary unemployment. A public sector is introduced into models where shirking or turnover costs are present, and optimal wage and employment policies are derived. In both models, the...

This paper derives the optimal commodity tax formula and the tax reform rule that should be used in a situation of (orthodox Keynesian) unemployment. The setting considered is a four-good, one-individual model with fixed real wage implying an excess supply of labor. The presentation is very...