in Spain in 2000, and modified in 2005 and 2008. These policy experiments which entailed bank-specific shocks to capital … identification strategy. Our estimates from comprehensive bank-, firm-, loan-, and loan application-level data suggest that …

subsequent performance. Spain introduced dynamic provisioning unrelated to specific bank loan losses in 2000 and modified its … formula parameters in 2005 and 2008. In each case, individual banks were impacted differently. The resultant bank …-specific shocks to capital buffers, coupled with comprehensive bank-, firm-, loan-, and loan application-level data, allow us to …

Using a unique dataset of the Euro area and the U.S. bank lending standards, we find that low (monetary policy) short … securitization activity, weak supervision for bank capital and too low for too long monetary policy rates. Conversely, low long …

, and modified in 2005 and 2008. The resultant bank-specific shocks to capital buffers, combined with the financial crisis … from comprehensive bank-, firm-, loan-, and loan application-level data suggest that countercyclical capital buffers help …

level. All of the effects are more pronounced for trading banks with higher capital levels. Finally, banks use central bank …

, we exploit different crisis shocks and supervisory ISIN-bank-month-level data. Less capitalized banks take relatively … different crisis shocks since 2007/08, including the COVID-19 one. A model of bank behavior rationalizes our findings. …

-shift or hoard liquidity. We identify the bank lending and risk-taking channels by exploiting – Italian’s unique – credit and …

, and modified in 2005 and 2008. The resultant bank-specific shocks to capital buffers, combined with the financial crisis … from comprehensive bank-, firm-, loan-, and loan application-level data suggest that countercyclical capital buffers help …

the security level for each bank in each period, we find that during the crisis, banks with higher trading expertise …