During the 1980s and 1990s, immigration was associated with the rise in low-income rates and family-income inequality … focuses on the direct effect of immigration on the change in low income and family-income inequality over the 1995-to-2010 … period. The paper outlines recent trends in low-income rates and income inequality for both the Canadian-born and immigrants …

places this issue within the context of research on replacement rates, the extent to which family income during the working …

This study uses census data to focus on low-income among immigrants, and asks a number of questions: (1) have low-income ….), (3) do low-income rates fall as new immigrants acquire Canadian experience, and are there signs that low-income rates …) in the major Canadian cities, to what extent was the deterioration in the city level low-income rates during the 1990s …

households headed by adults under 35, there has been no corresponding secular rise in the incidence of low income among children … income in young households with children has been offset by rising transfers. Since the 1970s, social transfers have replaced … earnings as the main source of income among low income families with children. Second, changes in the fertility behaviour and …