With the European Green Deal, the European Union adopted ambitious climate targets and a wave of legislation to reach them. But implementation will be politically challenging, in particular because the Green Deal has not upgraded the EU's energy and climate governance framework. We propose five...

This paper reviews the record of European Central Bank policymaking since the 2010-12 euro crisis in order to develop recommendations on: (1) the ECB's future monetary policy strategy, (2) its operational framework, and (3) the governance of European Economic and Monetary Union.

The ECB has played and will continue to play an important role in granting financial assistance to the so called programme countries. Together with the Commission and the IMF, the ECB is not only part of the 'troika' reviewing the progress made by the countries supported, but also, the...

The ECB has played and will continue to play an important role in granting financial assistance to the so called programme countries. Together with the Commission and the IMF, the ECB is not only part of the 'troika' reviewing the progress made by the countries supported, but also, the...