Altavilla, Carlo; Ellul, Andrew; Pagano, Marco; Polo, Andrea - 2021
to substitution of non-guaranteed with guaranteed credit rather than fully adding to the supply of lending. We study this …-existing non-guaranteed debt. For firms borrowing from multiple banks, the substitution mainly arises from the lending behavior of … the bank extending guaranteed loans. Substitution was highest for funding granted to riskier and smaller firms in sectors …