Gorman’s theory of demand is extended comprehensively to incomplete systems. The incomplete systems approach dramatically increases this class of models. The separate roles of symmetry and adding up are identified in the rank and the functional form of this class of models. We show that...

Gorman Engel curves are extended to incomplete systems. The roles of Slutsky symmetry and homogeneity/adding up are isolated in the rank and functional form restrictions for Gorman systems. Symmetry determines the rank condition. The maximum rank is three for incomplete and complete systems....

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Gorman's class of Engel curve demand models is extended to incomplete demand systems. The Gorman class of aggregable incomplete demand systems admits any transformation of deflated income. A maximum rank of three for the demand equations is a corollary of Slutsky symmetry. Models of incomplete...

"Numéraire" prices that are measured with error create challenges for econometric estimation. A straightforward approach for a model with linear input demands, such as generated from a quadratic normalized profit function, is proposed where the "numéraire" price is measured with error....

Supply functions in the ubiquitous Gorman class are examined for their homogeneity properties. Homogeneity places surprisingly strong restrictions on functional forms. These forms facilitate testing of aggregability given homogeneity or homogeneity given aggregability or testing both. Copyright...

Duality methods for incomplete systems of consumer demand equations are adapted to the dual structure of variable cost functions in joint production. This allows identification of necessary and sufficient restrictions on technology and cost so that conditional factor demands can be written as...

Any demand equation satisfying Lau’s (1982) Fundamental Theorem of Exact Aggregation and 0° homogeneity in prices and income will have a Gorman (1981) functional form for each income term. This property does not depend on symmetry or adding up. The implications of this result are illustrated...

Supply functions in the ubiquitous Gorman class are examined for their homogeneity properties. Homogeneity places surprisingly strong restrictions on functional forms. These forms facilitate testing of aggregability given homogeneity or homogeneity given aggregability or testing both. Copyright...