We provide evidence on the match between …rms, managers, and incentives using anew survey that contains information on managers' risk preferences and human capital,on their compensation schemes, and on the …rms they work for. The data is consistentwith the equilibrium correlations predicted by...

We propose a distinction between active waste and passive waste as determinantsof the cost of public services. Active waste entails utility for the publicdecision maker (as in the case of bribery) whereas passive waste does not (asin the case of inefficiency due to red tape). To assess the...

An organization will often use a specialized technical language that is un-derstood by its members but not by others. We develop a theory of optimalorganizational languages and identify a key trade-o¤ between facilitatinginternal communication and encouraging communication with other...