The paper considers the various procedures and practices relating to budgeting and accounting of foreign aid, and points out that as a result of the high degree of ringfencing associated with the aid, a kind of functional dyarchy has emerged with serious implications for expenditure management...

The public expenditure management system is in a state of flux. Traditional approaches of expenditure management have serious limitations in addressing current and future tasks. The new approaches toward improved expenditure management, which emphasize the creation of task-oriented agencies,...

Significant changes with far-reaching impact have taken place during recent years in public expenditure management. These changes which are being implemented in a few industrial countries are likely to be emulated by other industrial and developing countries. The content of these changes is...