during the week after this birthday. We do not, however, find that harsher punishment reduces the crime rate permanently. …" in the sense that more crimes were committed during the week prior to a 21st birthday, followed by a reduction in crime …

in childhood leads to a significant increase in teen crime and significant decreases in educational attainment and adult …

leads to significant increases in teen crime and pregnancy and a significant decrease in early-life employment. The effects … are concentrated among children from the most disadvantaged families, where teen crime increases by 18 percentage points …

in childhood leads to a significant increase in teen crime and significant decreases in educational attainment and adult …

leads to significant increases in teen crime and pregnancy and a significant decrease in early-life employment. The effects … are concentrated among children from the most disadvantaged families, where teen crime increases by 18 percentage points …

during the week after this birthday. We do not, however, find that harsher punishment reduces the crime rate permanently …” in the sense that more crimes were committed during the week prior to a 21st birthday, followed by a reduction in crime …

in childhood leads to a significant increase in teen crime and significant decreases in educational attainment and adult …