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Sustainability standards such as Fairtrade, UTZ, and Rainforest Alliance have recently gained importance in global value chains, with some of the major tropical commodities seeing significant increases in the share of their certified area in the last ten years. This trend is directly related to...
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While many studies analyzed effects of sustainability standards - such as Fairtrade or Rainforest Alliance - on smallholder farmers in developing countries, most did not sufficiently account for systematic differences between certified and non-certified farmers. Certified farmers are typically...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012014863
smallholders. Here, we address this research gap using data from oil palm farmers in Ghana who participate in different contract …
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dropout rates from contract schemes are commonplace. We use data from Ghana to show that smallholders benefit from a resource …Contract farming is typically seen as a useful mechanism to help smallholders. However, despite economic benefits, high … details, which leads to mistrust. We argue that lack of transparency may explain high dropout rates in Ghana and other …
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, market access for smallholders tends to be limited due to multiple market failures, while farm production is often associated … with high risks and uncertainties. This leads to an under-investment of smallholders in profitable high-value c... …
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Farm workers in developing countries often belong to the poorest of the poor. They typically face low wages, informal working arrangements, and inadequate social protection. Written employment contracts with clearly defined rights and obligations could possibly help, but it is not clear how such...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012200414