After severe economic crises in the mid-nineties Bulgaria and Romania managed to improve their economic performance in the last decade. Consequently, the two new EU members became attractive investment targets for foreign direct investment. However, these transition economies struggle with a...

Foreign direct investment (FDI) by banks into Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has increased considerably, resulting in foreign bank ownership of up to 90% in some countries in the region. Most CEE countries also recorded a substantial rise in foreign currency (FX) denominated credit, leading to...