-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating ’Long–Covid’ effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …

distinguish clearly between adoption and use of energy-related technologies (process innovation in the broad sense) and product … innovation in energy-related fields. We take into consideration four energy-related policy instruments (and expected demand for … adoption or innovation by interacting adoption and innovation variables with policy instrument dummies. We test our hypotheses …

In 2020, firms expected their innovation expenditures to decrease by about 2% in 2020 compared to 2019. This decline is … much smaller than that in 2009 following the financial crisis, when innovation expenditures fell by 11%. However, smaller … firms with 5 to 99 employees planned to cut their innovation expenditures by 7% to 17 % in 2020. For 2021, firms planned a …

Innovation is crucial to economic development. Innovation expenditures in Germany's business sector as well as public … explained by certain barriers to innovation. Increasingly important hampering factors are the lack of qualified employees and … the burden of regulation and bureaucracy. Policy measures to support Germany's innovation capacity should tackle the …

preferences. In order to generate global innovation, an international firm should look for the global common denominator of … export effective. We investigate data from the ZEW Innovation survey of 4,786 firms in the manufacturing and service … industries. These firms were asked about the sources of their innovation and their exporting activities. We find evidence that …

Non-technological innovation is an important element of firms? innovation activities that both supplement and … complement technological innovation, i.e. the introduction of new products and new processes. We analyse the spread of … nontechnological innovation in firms, their relation to technological innovation, and their effects to firm performance and success …

This paper investigates the drivers and the effects of the internationalisation of innovation activities in SMEs based … on a large data set of German firms covering the period 2002-2007. We look at different stages of the innovation process … resources, home market competition and innovationrelated location advantages for an SME's decision to engage in innovation …

This paper investigates the drivers and effects of the internationalisation of innovation activities in SMEs based on a … large data set of German firms covering the period 2002-2007. We look at different stages of the innovation process (R …, home market competition and innovationrelated location advantages for an SME's decision to engage in innovation activities …