growth for 21 African countries over the period from 1970 to 2006, using recently developed panel cointegration and causality … decreasing energy consumption decreases growth and vice versa, and that increasing energy consumption increases growth, and vice … cointegration relationship when country groups are considered. -- Africa ; energy consumption ; economic growth ; panel …

This paper examines the causality relationship between immigration, unemployment and economic growth of the host …, immigration does not cause unemployment. We also find that, in France, Iceland, Norway and United Kingdom, growth positively … causes immigration, while in any country, immigration does not cause growth. -- immigration ; growth ; unemployment ; Granger …