Online advertising offers unprecedented opportunities for measurement. A host of new metrics, clicks being the leading example, have become widespread in advertising science. New data and experimentation platforms open the door for firms and researchers to measure true causal effects of...

Online advertising offers unprecedented opportunities for measurement. A host of new metrics, clicks being the leading example, have become widespread in advertising science. New data and experimentation platforms open the door for firms and researchers to measure true causal effects of...

Spam, or unsolicited email advertising, has been the scourge of email inboxes for nearly twenty years. Spam attempts to generate attention for a merchant’s products or services, but unlike most forms of advertising, spam does not provide users with valuable entertainment or other services in...