enabled these groups to demand, obtain, and sustain changes in institutions to protect their property rights. Furthermore, the … existing institutions placed some checks on the monarchy and particularly limited its control of overseas trading activities … the result of capitalist development driven by the interaction of late medieval institutions and the economic …

In this paper we revisit the relationship between institutions, human capital and development. We argue that empirical … models that treat institutions and human capital as exogenous are misspecified both because of the usual omitted variable … focus on historically-determined differences in human capital and control for the effect of institutions, the impact of …

This article uses the different mortality rates of European colonialists to estimate the effect of institutions on … economic performance. Europeans adopted very different colonization policies in different colonies. In places where mortality … rates were high they did not settle, but set up extractive institutions that exist to the present day. By exploring the …

I argue that the economic success of Botswana can be explained by the historical development of its institutions which … is related to the trajectory of the Tswana states over the past 200 years. These institutions created a much more stable … economic policies. There are two main lessons from this experience. The first is how successful an African economy can become …

I argue that the economic success of Botswana can be explained by the historical development of its institutions which … is related to the trajectory of the Tswana states over the past 200 years. These institutions created a much more stable … economic policies. There are two main lessons from this experience. The first is how successful an African economy can become …

can be best explained by the political desirability of softness. We develop a political economy model where politicians …