The innovation value chain (IVC) divides the innovation process into three separate links or activities: knowledge … Ireland and Switzerland. Both economies are small, very open and depend significantly on innovation to maintain competitive … advantage. In recent years, however, R&D and innovation growth in Ireland has been markedly stronger than that in Switzerland …

incentives only, R&D and innovation grants only, and a combination of both incentives. Four key findings emerge. First, we find … between the input additionality of grants and tax-incentives. Second, innovation output additionality is consistently positive …