Corruption can arise in any bureaucracy with the authority to allocate benefits and impose costs. This paper … applies basic economic ideas of scarcity, competition, sanctions, and incentives to the control of corruption in bureaucracies …. It presents the intuitions behind the economic theories and discusses their practical value in anti-corruption policy …

"This book suggests how high levels of corruption limit investment and growth can lead to ineffective government …. Developing countries and those making a transition from socialism are particularly at risk, but corruption is a worldwide … phenomenon. Corruption creates economic inefficiencies and inequities, but reforms are possible to reduce the material benefits …