Pilot scale ring and die pelletizing of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) was performed in experimental designs for screening and optimization of pellet quality parameters bulk density and durability and for determination of specific energy consumption under different settings. Control...

Pilot scale pelletizing of torrefied Norway spruce was performed in a factorial design with controlled factors at two levels: material moisture content (11% and 15%) and torrefaction temperature (270 and 300°C), and die temperature as an uncontrolled factor (60–105°C). Compared to commercial...

Torrefaction of plant biomass has the capacity to produce a fuel with increased energy density and homogeneity, but there are reports that it changes the pelletizing properties of the biomass, making it more difficult to obtain high quality pellets. A parametric study was therefore conducted in...