This paper aims to examine the impact of financial technology (Fintech) on Islamic banks' income from perspective of the theory of financial intermediation. This study argues that the existence of banks as intermediaries due to transaction cost and asymmetrical information. In Islamic banking...

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) ratings are widely recognised methods to assess the sustainability practices of corporations. However, the scores of these ratings are not satisfactory in emerging market economies. This study examines the financial factors that influence ESG ratings...