Many occurrences in real-life result from decisions taken by a very large number of decision makers. Furthermore, these decisions often depend on the optimisation of several conflicting criteria. The decision or behaviour of every microscopic entity results finally in a global macroscopic...

The basic deterministic stationary inventory problem, in which backorders are allowed, is analyzed. Instead of considering the backorder cost to be a cost per unit and per time, we also suppose the presence of a fixed backorder cost per unit. The latter generates a supplementary dependence of...

The multi-objective optimization paradigm prescribes that a multi-objective optimization problem should be solved in two steps executed in sequence. First an approximation of the Pareto set is determined, that contains as many non-dominated solutions as possible. Secondly, a solution is chosen...

In this paper we defi?ne a new problem, the aim of which is to fi?nd a set of k dissimilar alternative solutions for a vehicle routing problem (VRP) on a single instance. ?This problem has several practical applications in the cash-in-transit sector and in the transportation of hazardous...

This paper proposes a variant of the well-known capacitated vehicle routing problem that models the problem of routing vehicles in the cash-in-transit industry by introducing a risk constraint. In this problem, which is called the risk-constrained cash-in-transit vehicle routing problem...

This paper proposes a variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem in which a particular kind of risk constraint has been introduced to model the problem of routing vehicles in the cash-in-transit industry and a hard time window constraint, with no waiting times, delimits the customer's visit within a...

In this paper, we present a variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) to increase security in the cash-in-transit sector. A speci?c index is used to quantify the exposure of a vehicle to the risk of being robbed along its route. In addition, the problem is subjected to a traditional capacity...

In this paper, we propose a new metaheuristic to solve the Risk constrained Cash-in-Transit Vehicle Routing Problem (rctvrp). The rctvrp is a variant of the well-known capacitated vehicle routing problem and models the problem of routing vehicles in the cash-in-transit sector. In the rctvrp, the...

Existing literature on routing of school buses has focused mainly on building intricate models that attempt to capture as many real-life constraints and objectives as possible. In contrast, the focus of this paper is on understanding the problem in its most basic form. To this end, we define the...

In this paper, we study the decision problem of a retailer, who wants to optimize the amount of shelf inventory of a particular product, given that the demand for the product is stochastic and replenishment lead times (from the store’s stockroom to the shelf) are negligible. The shelf...