Effectiveness of real-time electricity prices depends upon consumers being willing to subscribe to them and being able to curb their consumption levels. The present paper addresses both issues by considering consumers differentiated by their saving costs in the stylized real-time pricing model...

Economists Oz Shy introduced the definition of undercut-proof property (“UPP”) prices in a model of Bertrand competition involving loyal consumers (‘A quick-and-easy method for estimating switching costs’, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 20, pp. 71-87, 2002)....

Les réformes qui ont conduit à la libéralisation des marchés de l’énergie ont considérablement influencé le comportement d’innovation des utilités électriques dans certains pays. Aux Etats-Unis, elles ont provoqué une diminution de l’investissement en R&D environnementale de ces...