Emigrants are less likely to participate in elections in their home country. They are also self-selected in terms of education, gender, age, and political preferences, changing the structure of the origin population. High emigration rates can therefore have a systematic influence on election...

Emigrants typically differ from the origin population in terms of age, education, and political prefe-rences. Emigrants are also voting less in their country of origin even if they have the right to vote. As emigrants are not voting in their country of origin, their votes are missing. This can...

Emigrants are less likely to participate in elections in their home country. They are also self-selected in terms of education, gender, age, and political preferences, changing the structure of the origin population. High emigration rates can therefore have a systematic influence on election...

Emigrants are less likely to participate in elections in their home country. They are also self-selected in terms of education, gender, age, and political preferences, changing the structure of the origin population. High emigration rates can therefore have a systematic influence on election...

Emigrants typically differ from the origin population in terms of age, education, and political prefe-rences. Emigrants are also voting less in their country of origin even if they have the right to vote. As emigrants are not voting in their country of origin, their votes are missing. This can...