appreciation of the Japanese yen forced the Japanese enterprises into price reductions and productivity increases, which put a …

show that the results are highly dependent on the time period. From 1991 to 1998 Japan's official currency purchases were … successful foreign exchange intervention on the same day in Japan's liquidity trap where the borderline between sterilized and …

Both Japan and parts of the European Monetary Union have experienced boom and bust in stock and real estate markets … public debt and monetary policy in the context of crisis. It is shown for Japan that the attempts to maintain regional … expansion. Econometric estimations show that in Japan regional redistribution of funds has ensured homogeneous living conditions …

constitute long-term appreciation expectations on yuan and yen, which have made China and Japan vulnerable to U.S. interest rate … cuts and appreciation expectation shocks. For both China and Japan – at different points of time – self-fulfilling runs …