Estimations of the size and development of the shadow economy for 145 countries, including developing, transition and … percent of official GDP) in 2002/03 in 96 developing countries is 38.7%, in 25 transition countries 40.1%, in 21 OECD … countries 16.3% and in 3 Communist countries 22.3%. An increased burden of taxation and social security contributions, combined …

OECD countries are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of official GDP) over 1999-2000 in … developing countries is 41%, in transition countries 38% and in OECD countries 18.0%. An increasing burden of taxation and social … shadow economy. If the shadow economy increases by one percent the annual growth rate of the "official" GDP of a developing …

average size of a shadow economy varies from 12 percent of GDP for OECD, to 23 percent for transition and to 39 percent for … developing countries. An increasing burden of taxation and social security contributions combined with rising state regulatory …, a growing shadow economy has a negative effect on official GDP growth, and a positive impact of corruption on the size …

economies over 1999 to 2003 are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (as a percent of "official" GDP) in 2002/03 in … taxation and social security contributions, combined with a labour market regulation are the driving forces of the shadow … economy. Furthermore, the results show that the shadow economy reduces corruption in high income countries, but increases …

76 countries—is strongly related to increasing burdens of taxation and social security contributions, as well as to the …

are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of GDP) over 1989-93 in developing countries is 39 %, in … transition countries 23 % and in OECD countries 12 %. An increasing burden of taxation and social security contributions combined … some findings, a growing shadow economy has a negative impact on official GDP growth, however, this result is not robust …

OECD countries are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of official GDP) over 1999-2000 in … developing countries is 41%, in transition countries 38% and in OECD countries 18.0%. An increasing burden of taxation and social … shadow economy. If the shadow economy increases by one percent the annual growth rate of the official GDP of a developing …