This paper provides a long-term view by studying the effect of the underground or shadow economy on economic growth in … the Unites States over the period 1870 to 2014. Shadow activities might spur or retard economic growth depending on their …-classical growth model, we use a relatively new time-series technique to estimate the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship …

estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated"--Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit web site …

in high income countries, but increases corruption in low income countries. Finally, the various estimation methods are … ; regulation ; MIMIC and other estimation methods …

estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated. …

corruption in low income countries. Finally, the various estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated. …

estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated. -- shadow economy of 145 countries ; tax burden ; tax moral ; quality … of state institutions ; regulation ; DYMIMIC and other estimation methods …

corruption in low income countries. Finally, the various estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated. …

the growth and size of the shadow economy. If the shadow economy increases by one percent the annual growth rate of the …