The recent literature on macroprudential policy contains several suggestions for possible instruments. This paper puts forward and implements a method for arriving at a coherent policy framework. It starts by defining the role of macroprudential policy in the overall policy framework for the...

The establishment of the European Banking Union in 2014 created a large banking market in Europe, making it easier for banks to straddle borders and expand their business to other European countries. We use a unique hand-collected dataset with cross-border loans for the 61 largest European banks...

The handling of cross-border banks in difficulties gives rise to coordination problems between home and host countries. Goodhart and Schoenmaker (2006, 2009) have suggested to implement an ex ante burden sharing mechanism to overcome the co-ordination failure of national authorities. While...

This paper focuses on the recapitalisation of failing banks. A recapitalisation is efficient if the social benefits (preserving systemic stability) exceed the cost of recapitalisation. In a national setting, the implementation of an optimal policy is relatively straightforward. But in a...

Pan-European banks are starting to emerge, while arrangements for financial supervision and stability are still nationally rooted. This raises the issue who should bear the burden of any proposed recapitalisation should failures occur in a large cross-border bank. A recapitalisation is efficient...

This paper presents a model to analyse alternative interbank settlement systems. Intraday credit exposures in netting systems generate systemic risk (the failure by one bank to settle at the end of the day may cause a chain of bank failures). To prevent this, mutual loss-sharing is implemented....

In the aftermath of the financial crisis, governments are rightly reducing their exposure to the banking system. Bail-in arrangements should ensure that shareholders and creditors take the first losses. The next line of defence is a resolution fund, which is filled via levies on banks....

This essay reviews the sequencing of the functions of supervision, resolution, deposit insurance and the fiscal backstop in the Banking Union. All these functions deal with the soundness of individual banks. In the run-up to the 2007-2009 financial crisis, we overlooked the bigger picture of the...

Financial supervision focuses on the aggregate (macroprudential) in addition to the individual (microprudential). But an agreed framework for measuring and addressing financial imbalances is lacking. We propose a holistic approach for the financial system as a whole, beyond banking. Building on...

Financial supervision focuses on the aggregate (macroprudential) in addition to the individual (microprudential). But an agreed framework for measuring and addressing financial imbalances is lacking. We propose a holistic approach for the financial system as a whole, beyond banking. Building on...