For nearly two decades, growth of international trade has been underpinned by the development of intermediate goods cross exchanges resulting from a new international division of labour. The share of trade in inputs, also called vertical trade, has dramatically increased. Simultaneously, there...

For nearly two decades, the share of trade in inputs, also called vertical trade, has dramatically increased. This paper suggests a new measure of international trade: “value-added trade”. Like many existing estimates, “value-added trade” is net of double-counted vertical trade. It also...

Le 29 mai dernier, la Commission européenne adressait aux États membres de l’Union ses nouvelles recommandations de politique économique. Dans ces recommandations, la Commission préconise un report des objectifs de déficit public pour quatre pays de la zone euro (Espagne, France,...