Traditional variable annuities build retirement income for annuitants through investments in stocks and bonds. These annuities are variable because their performance depends upon the performance of uncertain financial markets. The risk of poor performance lies solely upon annuitants, rather than...

As financial intermediaries in the health care delivery system, U.S. health insurers will be strongly affected by sweeping legislative reforms adopted in 2010, both in health care and in financial regulation. In this paper, we provide useful context for interpreting these reforms and for...

Health care insurers have faced increased risks under the health care reform (PPACA) in the United States. By increasing the population of insureds, eliminating coverage caps, extending covered perils, and mandating minimum loss ratios, health care reform confronts insurers with the specter of...