Shintani, Mototsugu; Linton, Oliver - In: International Economic Review 44 (2003) 1, pp. 331-357
A positive Lyapunov exponent is one practical definition of chaos. We develop a formal test for chaos in a noisy system based on the consistent standard errors of the nonparametric Lyapunov exponent estimators. For international real output series, the hypothesis of the positive Lyapunov...