This paper considers a model in which an activist or terrorist uses violence to signal commitment to a political agenda. We examine how this violent signaling may be countered and reduced by the use of information-gathering mechanisms. Signaling through violent activism does not necessarily...

Food products containing genetically modified (GM) ingredients have entered themarket over the past decade. The biotech industry and environmental groups have disseminatingconflicting private information about GM foods. This paper develops a unique methodology forvaluing independent third-party...