Tandis que l’influence de la démocratie sur la croissance est discutée, celle de l’ouverture commerciale est maintenant avérée. Ces conclusions conduisent à s’interroger sur l’existence d’une relation entre la démocratie et l’ouverture, d’autant plus que les arguments...

Alors que l'Europe poursuit son processus d'intégration économique et met en place sa monnaie unique, on assiste aujourd'hui à une multiplication des accords "régionaux" de libre-échange, notamment en Amérique du Nord (ALENA) et en Amérique latine (Mercosur). Ces accords ne sont-ils...

The last multilateral trade negotiations chaired by the World Trade Organization met huge problems which could lead to failure. We examine the working of this negotiation process based on rules and power struggles. The increasing number of Member countries, the rule of consensus, the assertion...

Whereas the influence of democracy on economic growth has still to be proved, trade openness’ is now recognised. Therefore, it may be wondered if there exists a relation between democracy and openness. Neither theoretical arguments nor individual national experiences permit to conclude. To...

WTO, OECD with many others, suggest the trade in value-added would be a “better” measure to understand the impact of trade on employment, growth, production etc. when import content in exports is important. We use in this work an Input-Output table for 2008, to calculate the value-added...