This paper examines the movements in EU unemployment from two perspectives: (a) the NRU/NAIRU perspective, in which … unemployment movements are attributed largely to changes in the long-run equilibrium unemployment rate and (b) the chain …-reaction perspective, in which unemployment movements are viewed as the outcome of the interplay between labor market shocks and prolonged …

This paper examines the movements in EU unemployment from two perspectives: (a) the NRU/NAIRU perspective, in which … unemployment movements are attributed largely to changes in the long-run equilibrium unemployment rate and (b) the chain …-reaction perspective, in which unemployment movements are viewed as the outcome of the interplay between labor market shocks and prolonged …

The paper presents a stochastic insider-outsider model that accounts for the following stylized facts: (1) unemployment … rates display a high degree of serial correlation, or `persistence'; (2) the average rate of unemployment has been higher in … long-run unemployment rate is independent of the level of productivity and the magnitude of the labour force. The model …